Peritoneal dialysis

Peritoneum is a serous membrane close to the abdominal wall and abdominal viscera (stomach, intestine, liver, etc.). It is a colorless, smooth film. The human body's peritoneum is a dialysis function of biological semipermeable membrane, not only a good penetration and diffusion, as well as absorption and secretion function.

Peritoneum is a serous membrane close to the abdominal wall and abdominal viscera (stomach, intestine, liver, etc.). It is a colorless, smooth film. The human body's peritoneum is a dialysis function of biological semipermeable membrane, not only a good penetration and diffusion, as well as absorption and secretion function. Adult peritoneal area of ​​about 2.0 ~ 2.2 ㎡, compared with the two sides of the kidney glomerular filtration of the total area (about 1.5 square meters) and the general hemodialysis area (0.8 ~ 1.0 ㎡) is large.

Diarrhea through a certain concentration of electrolyte and glucose dialysis solution into the abdominal cavity, according to the principle of membrane balance, plasma small molecules, such as the concentration of dialysis fluid than those who will diffuse into the dialysate, and dialysis Liquid concentration of the material, you can from the dialysate into the tissue fluid and plasma. If the osmotic pressure of the dialysate is higher than that of the plasma, too much water in the plasma penetrates into the dialysate. Abdominal infiltration, through repeated intraperitoneal filling and release of dialysate, can make the body metabolites get clear, water and electrolyte balance to achieve the purpose of treatment.

Indications for peritoneal dialysis
(1) acute renal failure: the majority of scholars believe that do not wait until the occurrence of acute renal failure complications, was forced to dialysis, but should establish acute renal failure in 2 to 3 days will be early dialysis, this can be prevented Some dangerous complications occur.

(2) chronic renal failure: a variety of causes of chronic renal failure, when the patient endogenous creatinine clearance rate ≤ 10ml / min, can be used peritoneal dialysis, generally first use of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) , And advocate early start.

(3) water, electrolyte imbalance: clinical complex water, electrolyte imbalance, such as hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, hypermagnesemia, severe hypernatremia, refractory heart failure, acute myocardial infarction Acute pulmonary edema, severe waterosis, hyperuricemia and so on.

(4) other: such as acute hemorrhagic or necrotizing pancreatitis, hyperthyroidism, hepatic coma, hyperbilirubinemia, complete obstructive jaundice preoperative preparation, can be peritoneal dialysis.

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