Dialysis patients need to supplement nutrition

Periodic hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis patients daily nutrient requirements should be based on dialysis the number of times, time and condition changes. Daily heat can be 126 ~ 146 kJ (30 ~ 35 kcal) / kg body weight supply. Such as lack of heat, and then add 70% glucose solution. Should be as much as possible to encourage patients to eat mouth, such as enteral nutrition can not meet the needs, may be appropriate to use intravenous nutrition. In the course of dialysis treatment can lose a lot of amino acids, vitamins and glucose, should pay attention to add. Summed up the following points:

(1) timely replenishment of protein: If the patient 3 times a week for hemodialysis, the daily minimum requirement of food protein per kilogram of body weight of 1.0 grams, which is rich in essential amino acids should account for 50% of high quality protein.

(2) to ensure that the heat supply: hemodialysis treatment of patients with daily heat supply should be 126 to 146 kilograms per kilogram of body weight (30 to 35 kcal), peritoneal dialysis treatment of patients per kilogram of body weight 146-188 kJ (35 ~ 45 Kcal).

(3) appropriate amount of potassium and sodium supplementation: hemodialysis potassium intake according to the serum potassium content, urine volume, dialysis fluid potassium excretion and the patient's condition may be. General daily intake of 2 030 mg. If diabetic patients with renal disease hemodialysis treatment, it is necessary to carefully control the potassium intake. Peritoneal dialysis patients with potassium intake should be controlled at 2 925 mg to 3 500 mg, the diet principle is high protein and appropriate potassium limit. Hemodialysis, the food limit of potassium in the 1500 mg ~ 2000 mg, while the need to control the amount of liquid to prevent high blood pressure, pulmonary edema and congestive heart failure. In the oliguria should pay attention to limit potassium. Peritoneal dialysis treatment, the sodium salt intake of 2000 mg to 3 000 mg, such as in the dialysis solution to control the sodium content, is more beneficial to the treatment.

(4) moderate intake of carbohydrates and fat: dialysis increased protein supply, sugar and fat requirements are relatively reduced, is conducive to lower blood lipids.

(5) add enough vitamin: dialysis blood water-soluble vitamins seriously lost, it must be added B vitamins, such as vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and so on. Vegetables, fruits can be edible, but must be combined with the number of disease identified. Salt, fruit juice and high potassium vegetables, fruits and so on according to the disease limit. Should not choose dry beans and their products, nuts and other non-essential amino acid content of food. Animal fats and spicy food, such as pepper, mustard, pepper, coffee, etc. should not eat.

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