What are the symptoms of chronic renal failure?
The first stage, renal function compensatory period
This period of glomerular filtration rate ≤ 80 ml / min, kidney units decreased by about 20% to 25%. At this time the reserve function of the kidney has been lost, but the excretion of metabolites, regulating hydropower electrolyte and acid-base balance is still good, so no special clinical manifestations.
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The second stage, decompensated renal function
Glomerular filtration rate ≤ 50 ml / min. The most obvious feature is azotemia, that is, blood protein metabolites urea, creatinine, uric acid levels were significantly higher. Due to renal concentration dysfunction, the patient will appear polyuria, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea and mild body discomfort and other symptoms.
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The third stage of renal failure
Glomerular filtration rate ≤ 20 ml / min. At this time serious damage to renal function, can not maintain the body's normal metabolism, can not keep the body environment stability. Patients may have obvious anemia and gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, can also have neuropathic symptoms, such as fatigue, inattention, lack of energy and so on.
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The fourth stage, uremic period
Glomerular filtration rate ≤ 10 ml / min. This period is the end of chronic renal failure, the clinical symptoms of renal failure is more obvious, the patient will appear gastrointestinal, nervous system, cardiovascular, hematopoietic system, respiratory system, skin and metabolic system serious symptoms.
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renal failure treatment
1. cause of treatment. Treatment of renal failure caused by the reasons such as insufficient blood supply or blood loss, it will give patients to add lost body fluids and water; if there is infection when the infection for further treatment.
Blood Pollution Therapy
2. dialysis treatment. Refers to the filtration, selective exclusion of certain substances in the blood. In
other words, through the artificial way to patients in the kidney after
the accumulation of toxic waste, water and salt excreted, so that the
patient's physical condition back to health. There are currently two types of dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis is a function of replacing a kidney with a special machine. Peritoneal dialysis is the use of the human body's peritoneum as a filter, remove the body of toxins.Micro-Chinese Medicine Osmotherapy
3. Kidney transplantation treatment. Refers to the process by which the kidneys of an organ donor are transplanted into the body of the transplanted patient. Possible sources of kidneys: family, spouse, close friend, or brain death and sign of birth to consent to donate organ. Of course, the most matching kidneys usually come from the brothers and sisters who accept the transplant, because their genes are most likely to cooperate.
Moxibustion Acupuncture
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IgA nephritis before the onset of signs
1. urine discoloration: urine was thick brown, washed meat samples, soy sauce or turbidity, such as Taomi Shui, the immediate treatment.
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2. Urine foam and more, do not disappear for a long time: that the excretion of urine more protein.
3. Urine too much or too little: normal urine output is about 1500 ml per day, 4-8 times a day. If there is no fever, a lot of sweating, a lot of water, etc., urine volume suddenly increased or suddenly increased, we must go to the hospital to check to see if it is kidney disease.
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4. nocturia: normal within 60 years of age, generally should not have frequent nocturia, if young people increase in nocturia, is likely to be an early manifestation of renal dysfunction.
5. Edema: wake up in the morning after the eyelids or facial edema, afternoon subsided, exacerbated after fatigue, reduced after the break. Severe edema will appear in the medial ankle, lower limbs, lumbosacral and so on.
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6. low back pain: no clear reason for the back pain, should check the kidneys, spine and back muscles.
7. Men may have functional dysfunction in terms of performance (spermatorrhea, slimming, infertility).
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Renal failure to do dialysis considerations
Dialysis
Renal failure dialysis will have a good remission of complications of nephrotic patients, if the complications of renal failure patients can be effectively controlled, then the treatment of renal failure kidney disease will have a great help. However, when renal failure dialysis, there are many issues that require attention in patients with renal failure. So, renal failure patients need to pay attention to what dialysis?
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Four 'One' Therapy from Chinese Medicines
Patients with renal failure to be dialysis to be rational, whether hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis are only effective to alleviate the clinical symptoms of renal failure, it does not fundamentally treat damaged kidneys, to prevent pathological damage continues to expand. For patients with renal failure, dialysis is a temporary remedy for the next step in the treatment of renal repair to provide a better environment within the body, but the treatment of renal failure but also from the recovery of kidney function, the protection of healthy kidney unit point of view The
Traditional Chinese Medicine
Patients with dialysis for renal failure require special diets and medications. Because of their poor appetite and loss of protein during dialysis, the diet of patients with renal failure often requires foods with very high protein levels, ie about 1 g of protein per kilogram of ideal body weight per day. For patients with hemodialysis, the intake of sodium and potassium should be limited to 2g per day. Also need to limit the intake of foods containing high phosphorus.
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Early symptoms of renal failure
Change in urine volume
Due to renal dysfunction caused by the symptoms. Due to renal filtration function landing, some patients with the disease stop urine output will gradually decrease. Even if the normal urine output, due to the elimination of toxins in the urine to reduce the quality of landing, can not be discharged from the body too much waste, so to a certain extent, urine output can not be good to explain your kidney function is good or bad.
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Physical discomfort
As the toxins and waste accumulate in the body, the patient may feel uncomfortable. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, nocturnal sleep, no appetite, itching and fatigue.
Anemia
Because the patient's kidney function is damaged, the body can not produce enough hormones needed to make red blood cells, resulting in anemia. Anemic people often feel cold and tired.
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Swollen
Some patients will be swollen. Urine volume reduction, frequent urination (especially at night). Sword of hand, foot and ankle. Other symptoms are shortness of breath, swelling around the eyes, if the symptoms are swollen, to take timely treatment measures to eliminate the symptoms.
Other symptoms
Hematuria (brown or blood red), high blood pressure, urine bubble, diarrhea, extreme thirst, sleep disturbed, or lethargy, decreased libido.
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Hypertension can lead to increased renal failure
Renal failure is a variety of chronic kidney disease development to the late part of the renal function caused by or loss of a pathological state. Renal failure can be divided into acute renal failure and chronic renal failure, acute renal failure disease progression is rapid, usually due to insufficient supply of renal blood flow (such as trauma or burns), the kidneys caused by a certain cause of damage caused by damage or poison Of the injury, causing acute renal failure. The main cause of chronic renal failure for long-term kidney disease, with the time and disease, the function of the kidney gradually decreased, resulting in the occurrence of renal failure.
High Blood Pressure and Kidney Disease
Most of the primary glomerular disease in the early stages of disease or disease development stage of varying degrees of hypertension, the course of failure to control the intake of sodium, clinically persistent, severe hypertension is not easy to control, accelerate glomerular sclerosis and kidney Small arteriosclerosis, thereby accelerating renal impairment, many patients in a high blood pressure crisis after the development of uremia.
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6 cases will lead to increased renal failure
1, infection: especially in the respiratory and urinary tract infections common.
2, taking a lot of protein: especially a large number of protein diet for a long time.
3, sustained uncontrolled proteinuria: especially 24 hours of proteinuria greater than 2.0g.
4, lack of blood capacity: severe vomiting, diarrhea, excessive diuretic, bleeding caused by insufficient blood volume.
5, caused by various causes of urinary tract is not smooth: such as elderly men with prostatic hypertrophy, female uterine oppression late pregnancy.
6, nephrotoxic drug use: such as aminoglycoside anti-infective drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
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purpuric nephropathy Symptoms
1, renal manifestations
Best and Effective Treatment for Purpura Nephritis
The vast majority of patients with purpura nephropathy are skin purpura as the first symptom, often occurs in the limbs distal stretch side, buttocks and lower abdomen, are some bleeding spots, itching, but no pain, you can repeatedly Recurrence; there are also some patients will appear joint symptoms, mainly for the joints around the tenderness and swelling, but not deformed; another two-thirds of patients will appear symptoms of digestive system, mainly for abdominal cramps , Accompanied by nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding.
Purpura Nephritis: Serum Creatinine Reduced From 517 to 205 Without Dialysis
2, renal manifestations
Patients with purpura nephropathy will appear hematuria, can be naked eye hematuria, it can be microscopic hematuria, will continue to intermittently appear, children will generally appear gross hematuria; most patients will have varying degrees of proteinuria, protein Most of the urine is moderate, and the severity of hematuria is not necessarily proportional, in addition to accompanied by mild hypertension, a small number of patients will appear mild edema phenomenon.
How Can I Avoid Kidney Failure With Purpura Nephritis
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nephrotic syndrome Treatment
1, general treatment
Immunotherapy
Nephrotic
syndrome, the most important thing is to prevent infection, because the
infection will continue to repeated the disease. Do not go to some people in intensive public places during the treatment of adrenal cortex hormones to avoid cross-infection. If
you contact with varicella, measles, rubella and other patients when
the time to temporarily reduce the adrenal cortex hormones and injection
of gamma globulin, if it is primary nephrotic syndrome need to be
repeated injection. Also
pay special attention to the health of the skin, especially in the
event of edema when more attention should be paid to avoid skin damage
by infection. If the patient's edema is serious, and IE urine output is small, then
also use diuretics, but diuretics should not be long-term use, or prone
to acid-base imbalance and electrolyte imbalance.Moxibustion
2, immunosuppressive agents
Immunosuppressive agents are mainly aimed at recurrent nephrotic syndrome, glucocorticoid dependence, drug resistance or patients with serious side effects, etc., commonly used immunosuppressive agent is mainly cyclophosphamide, it can reduce the recurrence, improvement Resistance to hormones.
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Clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome
A large number of proteinuria. A large number of proteinuria is a sign of clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome, mainly due to glomerular basement membrane permeability changes, resulting in a large number of proteinuria, the main component is albumin, also contains other plasma protein components. In addition, changes in the charge barrier and mechanical barrier, renal tubular epithelial cell reabsorption and catabolic capacity can also cause proteinuria; glomerular filtration rate decreased, proteinuria will be reduced; severe hypoproteinemia , Urinary protein excretion is increased, therefore, want to measure proteinuria alone can not be judged by the daily measurement, should be albumin clearance rate.
Complications in Nephrotic Syndrome
Edema This should be the most annoying symptoms of the patient, because edema will not only make people feel uncomfortable, but also hinder the appearance of the performance of the gradual increase in systemic edema, early morning when the eyelid, facial, ankle edema, slowly Edema will spread to the body, there pleural effusion, ascites, pericardial effusion, scrotum, etc. can also occur pulmonary edema, the patient is relatively mild edema can still normal activities, but if it is serious patients, edema to even the eyes are also open Not open, head and neck thicker, the skin was waxy pale, by the chest, ascites and lead to breathing difficulties, to always sit, once the supine will aggravate the symptoms.
What Are the Common Symptoms in Nephrotic Syndrome
3. Hypoproteinemia. Patients with serum albumin per liter of less than 30 grams, the patient's liver albumin synthesis will be increased, when the liver synthesis of albumin compensatory effect is not enough to make up for the loss of urinary protein, the emergence of hypoproteinemia.
4. Hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemia and hypoalbuminemia, thrombosis and progressive glomerulosclerosis, the disease showed total cholesterol, triglyceride increased significantly, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein levels.
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Etiology of nephrotic syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome, many causes can be summarized as primary and secondary, mainly to the primary glomeruli. Secondary nephrotic syndrome often systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetic nephropathy, renal amyloidosis and allergic purpura, etc.Primary nephrotic syndrome is caused by primary glomerular disease, about 2/3 of adults and nephrotic syndrome in most children. Minimally variable nephropathy: more common in children and adolescents. Onset concealed, naked hematuria. Membranous nephropathy: the general incidence of 35 years of age, the onset of occult, slow development of the disease, prone to renal vein thrombosis, gross hematuria rare.
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Membranous
proliferative nephropathy: frequently before the age of 30, acute
onset, almost all patients have microscopic hematuria, renal function
was progressive decline, about 1/3 of patients with high blood pressure.
Mesangial
proliferative nephropathy: occur in young people, occult onset, but
also acute attack, accompanied by hematuria, microscopic
hematuria-based, and mild to moderate hypertension. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: more common in young people, most
patients are almost hidden disease, the most performance is nephrotic
syndrome, followed by microscopic hematuria, renal dysfunction.Stop Relapse Of Nephrotic Syndrome From Root
Secondary nephrotic syndrome for many reasons, generally in children should focus on excluding genetic, infectious diseases and allergic purpura caused by secondary nephrotic syndrome, young people should focus on excluding connective tissue disease, infection, drugs caused Of secondary nephrotic syndrome; elderly should focus on metabolic diseases and neonatal nephrotic syndrome. Systemic diseases: such as systemic lupus erythematosus, mixed connective tissue disease, Sjogren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, polyarteritis. Metabolic diseases: diabetes, renal amyloidosis, multiple myeloma, mucus edema. Allergic diseases: allergic purpura, drug allergy, snake bites, pollen and other allergens sensitized. Infectious diseases: syphilis, malaria, schistosomiasis, subacute endocarditis and so on.
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Nephrotoxic substances such as mercury, bismuth, gold, trimethophenone. Malignant tumors: such as Hodgkin's disease, lymphoid leukemia, cancer. Genetic disease: family hereditary nephritis, congenital nephrotic syndrome. Other: pregnancy toxemia, chronic rejection of renal transplantation, primary malignant nephrosclerosis, renal artery stenosis.
I hope our medical group can do our best to help the kidney disease patients all over the world. If you want to get some treatment or diet suggestions for kidney problem, you can feel to contact me by E-mail renal-disease@hotmail.com, or WhatsApp +8613633219293.
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