Obviously, the characteristics of diabetic nephropathy are three: large amounts of urinary protein, Shenzhen toxins filtration rate (glomerular filtration rate, GFR) decreased and high blood pressure. It is the type 1 diabetes patients onset and premature death of the main reasons.
How Many Stages Are There in Diabetic Nephropathy
Similar estimates of type 2 diabetic patients are not readily available because there are many factors that can cause these patients to produce urinary protein, including essential hypertension, common non-diabetic nephropathy (DN), and ethnic differences. However, it is estimated that 25% of patients with type 2 diabetes have kidney disease. 5% to 10% of diabetic patients with type 1 diabetes, the remaining 90% to 95% of type 2 diabetes friends. So, most of the long-term blood touxi patients (about 60%) is type 2 diabetes patients. Regardless of the type of diabetes, diabetes, kidney disease must go through the "five steps", that is divided into five. Each performance is as follows:
The Prevention of Diabetic Kidney Disease
Phase oneThe performance of the kidney volume increased, B ultrasound found that the kidney volume increased by 25%. Toxin filtration rate (GFR) increased (with isotope and other methods), more than 120 ml minutes, or even up to 150 ml minutes. Its degree is parallel to blood sugar. Renal biopsy no abnormalities, blood pressure is not high, found in the early onset of diabetes. These reactions can be restored to normal after a few weeks to several months after a strict remission of blood sugar and insulin therapy.
the second termManifested as resting urinary albumin excretion without increased, but increased urinary albumin after exercise. Such as cycling exercise to heart rate of 75% of the largest heart rate of their peers, for 20 minutes 1 hour urinary albumin excretion more than 20 micrograms of minutes. Shenzhen toxins filtration rate returned to near normal levels. If the patient continues to filter too much means that the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy (DN) high-risk state. This period can also be reversed, blood pressure is not high, renal biopsy see basement membrane thickening and mesangial area increased matrix.
How Does Diabetic Nephropathy Lead to Kidney Failure
The third periodAlso known as early diabetic nephropathy. From white urine protein after exercise into persistent urinary albumin increased, up to 20 to 200 micrograms of minutes, Shenzhen toxin filtration rate remained relatively normal. In the later period, blood pressure may be slightly elevated. If you do not actively take treatment measures, more than 90% of the patients will develop into a clear diabetic nephropathy.
The fourth periodFor the obvious diabetic nephropathy, also known as clinical diabetic nephropathy: this period of persistent urinary protein, that urine can detect proteinuria (PRO), proteinuria (PRO) quantitative greater than 0.5 grams 24 hours, equivalent to urine Albumin excretion rate greater than 200 micrograms. Shenzhen toxins filtration rate decreased, and with high blood pressure. If you do not relieve blood pressure, Shenzhen toxins filtration rate will be an average monthly decline of about 1 to 1.22 ml per minute rate of malignant development, so that patients will be in the 5-8 years to develop the final stage of uremia The Renal biopsy suggests glomerular sclerosis. This period is irreversible even after strict treatment.
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Fifth issueFor the end of diabetic nephropathy, blood pressure was significantly increased, proteinuria (PRO) is not as other causes of kidney disease as to the early stage of uremia will decline, Shenzhen toxins filtration rate down to 10 ml minutes, urea nitrogen And creatinine (CRE) increased, edema and hypertension further increased, the emergence of hypoproteinemia. This period is accompanied by diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy.
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