Chronic nephritis to do what check

What are the tests for chronic nephritis? The following is a detailed description of the examination of chronic nephritis:

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First, urine routine

The proportion of urine is low, more than 1.020 in the late, often fixed at 1.010. Urine protein trace ~ +++ range. Urine often red blood cells and tube (granular tube, transparent tube). Acute episodes have significant hematuria or gross hematuria.

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Second, blood tests

Often mild to moderate pigment anemia, red blood cells and hemoglobin in proportion to decline, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, may have hypoproteinemia, the general serum electrolyte was no significant abnormalities.

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Third, renal function tests

Glomerular filtration rate, decreased endogenous creatinine clearance, elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, renal function stage is mostly compensatory or decompensated, phenol red excretion test and urinary dilution function are diminished.

Kidney diseases whatever the causes can gradually affect patients' daily life.
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Characteristics of chronic nephritis

The incidence of this kidney disease in clinical practice is rather special, we need a clear understanding. Chronic nephritis with the majority of chronic diseases have the same characteristics: the cause of complex, occult, treatment difficulties, recurrent and so on. Because of its a certain degree of concealment so early in the early difficult to accurately diagnose, many people mistakenly believe that only a short physical discomfort, in fact, this time the chronic nephritis has begun to invade the human body. So what is the initial symptoms of chronic nephritis?
 
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Under normal circumstances, it is difficult in the chronic nephritis just when the disease was found in time. We need to understand that the initial symptoms of chronic nephritis is generally not very obvious, with "dumb nephritis," said, some patients without any symptoms, with normal people almost. In fact, the disease is some of the table is also present, there are four common: edema, hypertension, proteinuria, hematuria Nephritis edema often lower extremity edema, morning eyelid edema is characterized. Lower extremity edema is often mistaken for standing too long. Many people are found in the occasional high blood pressure, through the examination was found to have chronic nephritis. Proteinuria and hematuria in the aggravation of the time will gradually appear, the harm is particularly large.

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 Kidney diseases whatever the causes can gradually affect patients' daily life.
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How to "eat" and "move" patients with diabetic nephropathy

With the changes in people's lifestyles and diet, more and more patients with diabetes, many diabetic patients often with obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia and other metabolic diseases. Hypertension, smoking and metabolic diseases are chronic kidney disease risk factors, in addition to diabetic nephropathy, diabetic patients with obesity-related nephropathy, hyperuric acid-related nephropathy and other chronic kidney disease may. Therefore, patients with diabetic nephropathy usually need special attention to diet and fitness.

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Diabetic patients with kidney disease usually need to control the total calorie, low fat, low purine diet. Limit salt, recommended daily within 6 grams. But also appropriate restrictions on potassium and protein intake, if combined with diabetic nephropathy, renal insufficiency, should limit bananas, red beans, sardines and other foods rich in potassium; protein intake limit of 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight per day to high-quality protein The main choice of milk, eggs, followed by the selection of fish and meat, limiting the intake of poor protein that is plant protein, such as beans and soy products. Usually also add vitamins and trace elements such as vitamin C and zinc, calcium, iron intake.

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Diabetic nephropathy should exercise from low intensity, low exercise, to moderate, low intensity exercise; to avoid suffocation or high-intensity exercise; choose to take a walk, playing tai chi, climbing stairs, dancing, cycling and so on. Recommended 5 times a week for 30 minutes each time. Also need to pay attention to the process of movement to prevent excessive blood pressure, alert to low blood sugar.

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Kidney diseases whatever the causes can gradually affect patients' daily life.
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How to treat chronic nephritis

For the early symptoms, such as weakness, fatigue, mental poor, pay attention to early to the hospital for examination, do not let the development of kidney disease to the late, the symptoms of the system, the final must be dialysis treatment. The most common cause of chronic renal failure is chronic nephritis, diabetic nephropathy, and lupus nephritis, uric acid nephropathy, hypertensive kidney damage, polycystic kidney disease. For the treatment of chronic kidney disease, you can start from the following aspects:

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1, to avoid high protein diet. Especially in patients with large urinary protein, into the stage of renal insufficiency, you should start low-quality protein diet, daily protein intake 0.6-0.8g / kg.
2, active control of blood pressure. Requirements in the 130 / 80mmHg the following, urine protein levels higher than 1.0g / day in patients, can be further controlled at 125 / 75mmHg the following. If the blood pressure can be controlled to normal or near normal, the brain, heart, kidney and other complications is not easy to occur, the effective treatment of hypertension can prevent the occurrence of hypertensive kidney damage in the elderly and reduce benign small arterial nephrotic end-stage renal failure The incidence of full control of blood pressure can prevent, stabilize, and even reverse the renal damage of hypertension.


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For non-complications of hypertension, first of all should be considered non-drug treatment, and can be used as all other patients with essential treatment of hypertension, including weight loss, salt, limit alcohol, practicing qigong and tai chi, appropriate physical activity, etc. To be sustained, can receive a certain antihypertensive effect.
3, reduce proteinuria. As far as possible 24 hours urine protein control in less than 1.0g, or even 0.5g within the allowable range of serum creatinine (generally considered 265μoml / L below), may consider the application of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and / or vascular tension Receptor antagonists, they can still reduce the high perfusion of the kidneys, and thus further reduce the burden on the renal unit, delay the role of deterioration of renal function.
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4 diabetic nephropathy in addition to the above measures, to effectively control blood sugar: strict control of blood glucose can delay the development of the disease.
5 treatment of infection: regular antibiotic treatment helps to treat infection, but should pay attention to governance will be thorough, can not give up halfway.

Kidney diseases whatever the causes can gradually affect patients' daily life.
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Prevention of chronic nephritis

Prevention of chronic nephritis is the most fundamental way to improve the body disease prevention and disease resistance and reduce the chance of infection, for the cause of prevention.
1) to avoid overwork,

What Are the Risk Factors for Chronic Nephritis
Mental stress: overwork, open night car, exam pressure and so on, can make chronic nephritis worse. Have a good living habits, to maintain a regular life. Usually have to arrange a reasonable living system, and more to participate in appropriate activities to strengthen physical exercise, but should avoid fatigue. Reasonable nutrition, enhance physical fitness and body resistance. Pay attention to personal hygiene and environmental sanitation clean, to develop good living habits, and keep the mood relaxed and happy, and strengthen self-care awareness.
2) Beware of bacterial or viral infections:

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Bacteria or virus infection is the most common cause of acute nephritis, especially upper respiratory tract infection, asymptomatic bacteriuria, influenza, pharyngitis, bronchial bronchitis, etc., may increase the symptoms of chronic nephritis.
Active prevention and treatment of infection lesions, and actively prevent acute nephritis. Reduce the chance of infection, to prevent cold and cold, to prevent colds, suppurative tonsillitis, skin purulent infection and other diseases; once infected with the above disease or acute nephritis and other primary glomerular disease, to give timely and thorough Treatment, acute nephritis patients with chronic infection in patients with stable disease in 3 to 6 months, if necessary, surgery and other methods can be used to prevent the development of such diseases continue to develop chronic nephritis.
3) attention to diet nutrition:


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Nephritis patients to avoid high-protein diet, pay attention to food safety, eat more fresh fruits and natural food. To species diversity, with a reasonable, light and delicious for the principle.
Pay attention to their own monitoring. Consciously when the body discomfort, such as the emergence of nocturia, loss of appetite, waist discomfort or soreness, especially in the morning after eyelid facial edema and voiding abnormalities, suggesting that there may be kidney disease, to the hospital Check, in order to facilitate the early diagnosis and treatment, the prevention of the disease also has an important role.
 
Kidney diseases whatever the causes can gradually affect patients' daily life.
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Understanding Kidney Disease

Nephrotic syndrome care

The prognosis of nephrotic syndrome is very different. The main factors that determine prognosis include:

1. Pathological type Generally speaking, minimal changes in nephropathy and mild mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis better prognosis. Small lesions of nephropathy in patients with spontaneous relief, treatment of high remission rate, but easy to relapse after relapse; early membranous nephropathy is still a high rate of treatment of remission, although advanced to difficult to achieve treatment, but the disease progress is slow, Late; mesangial capillary glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and severe mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis poor prognosis, poor efficacy, the disease progress quickly and easily into a short period of time into the chronic kidney Failure.

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2. Clinical factors such as a large number of proteinuria, high blood pressure and high blood lipids can promote glomerular sclerosis, the above factors such as long-term lack of control, has become an important factor in poor prognosis.

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3. Repeated infection, thromboembolic complications often affect the prognosis.
 
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Prevention of nephrotic syndrome

Prevention: the incidence and prognosis of the disease and a variety of factors related to prevention from their own health to start, pay attention to a reasonable diet, enhance physical fitness, improve immunity, avoid contact with toxic substances, harmful drugs and chemicals to reduce its damage to the body, And should actively prevent infection and various diseases. An important factor affecting the efficacy and long-term prognosis of nephrotic syndrome is the complication of nephrotic syndrome and should be actively prevented and treated.

How Much Daily Fluid Intake for Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome patients often accompanied by gastrointestinal mucosal edema and ascites, affecting digestion and absorption. Should be easy to digest, light, semi-liquid diet. Kidney disease, a large number of urine protein loss, the body is in a low protein state, in the late eighties of last century, advocated high protein diet (1.2 ~ 1.5 g / kg.d), in an attempt to alleviate hypoproteinemia and consequently a series complication. But animal experiments and human kidney disease were confirmed: high protein diet, although the liver synthesis of albumin increased, but urinary protein excretion also increased, and does not help to correct hypoproteinemia, anti-glomerular capillary perfusion, High pressure and high filtration, accelerated glomerular non-inflammatory sclerosis. Restricting protein intake can slow the development of chronic renal impairment. It is now advocated high-quality protein diet, weight per day per kilogram of 0.7 to 1.0 grams. Nephrotic syndrome patients have almost all hyperlipidemia, limiting animal fat intake, dietary supply of rich polyunsaturated fatty acids (such as fish oil) and vegetable oil (soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil). Highly edema limit sodium intake, daily intake of salt less than 3 grams, appropriate to add trace elements.

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You can also learn more about

• - Nephrotic Syndrome Basics
• - Nephrotic Syndrome Symptoms
• - Nephrotic Syndrome Treatment
• - Nephrotic Syndrome Diet

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What is the difference between the survival rate of kidney transplantation and hemodialysis in the elderly?

In the early stage of renal transplantation, it is generally considered that patients over 45 years of age have better effect of living kidney transplantation, but the corpse kidney transplantation is ineffective. The 12-year-old kidney / kidney survival rate was 62% and 57%, respectively, in the 60-year-old patients with cyclosporine A, and with the use of cyclosporine A and low-dose steroid hormones, preoperative and postoperative management Of the improvement, as well as the improvement of patient selection conditions, the elderly is no longer the main factor affecting the success of kidney transplantation.

Notes on Kidney Failure and Dialysis

In the early stage of renal transplantation in a variety of complications is the main cause of renal failure failure, preoperative complications or hidden diseases after renal transplantation due to surgery, the use of immunosuppressive agents and drug side effects, infected The incidence was significantly higher than the young patients with uremia, liver damage and heart accidents increased, short-term survival rate decreased, so in elderly patients with uremia kidney transplant survival rate depends on human survival rate.

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There are 6400 patients over 60 years of age who underwent hemodialysis and kidney transplant treatment at 83 kidney disease centers in Canada from 1987 to 1993. The 5-year survival rate of patients receiving kidney transplantation was 81%, while those who received hemodialysis 5-year survival rate of only 41%, if there is more than one combination of 5-year survival rate is lower. In terms of quality of life, kidney transplantation is significantly better than hemodialysis patients.
Therefore, in the absence of severe complications of elderly patients with uremia, kidney transplantation can be used as the preferred treatment. But to consider the risk of kidney transplant surgery.

Kidney diseases whatever the causes can gradually affect patients' daily life.
you can also send email to Renal-disease@hotmail.com, or whatsapp + 8613633219293.